qfqX$a k„hpv$v$psp

NyS>fpsdp„ rh^p_kcp_u Q|„V$Zu Ål¡f \C A_¡ fpS>L$ue `np¡ dsv$pfp¡_¡ ApL$j®hp_u S>bfu lp¡X$dp„ gpNu `X$ép R>¡.

`Z kp¥\u dlÒh_p¡ khpg A¡ R>¡ L¡$ dsv$pfp¡ iy„ rhQpf¡ R>¡?

Np¡^fpL$p„X$ `R>u NyS>fpscfdp„ apV$u _uL$m¡gu ce„L$f L$p¡du tlkp_¡ gu^¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u rhhpv$_p hdmdp„ AV$hpep lsp. cpfsue S>_sp `n_p dp¡hX$uAp¡A¡ ApNpdu Q|„V$Zudp„ cpS>` Æs¡ sp¡ dy¿e â^p_ sfuL¡$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ S> g¡hp_u Ål¡fps L$fu R>¡. fpS>L$ue ApV$p`pV$p A_¡ kÑp_u kpW$dpfu hÃQ¡ kpdpÞe dpZk dp¡v$u rhi¡ iy„ dp_¡ R>¡ s¡ ÅZhy„ fkâv$ b_i¡ :

d_kyMcpC `V¡$g (L$pgy`yf Qp¡Mp bÅf_p h¡`pfu, Adv$phpv$) : rlÞvy$Ap¡ dpV¡$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u î¡›$ _¡sp R>¡ A¡ bpbs¡ d_¡ L$p¡C i„L$p _\u, `f„sy R>¡ëgp R> drl_p\u Adpfp ^„^pfp¡S>Npf_u `_p¡su b¡W$u R>¡. qv$hpmu_p¡ kde lp¡hp R>sp„ blpfNpd_p h¡`pfuAp¡ Adv$phpv$ Aphsp„ X$fu füp R>¡. rlÞvy$Ðh_u hps _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ blz L$fu, lh¡ gp¡L$p¡ kgpdsu`|h®L$ ^„^pfp¡S>Npf L$fu iL¡$ s¡hu ìehõ\p Å¡ s¡Ap¡ L$fi¡ sp¡ afu\u gp¡L$p¡dp„ râe \C iL$i¡.

dl¡i ip÷u (b¢L$ L$d®Qpfu, Adv$phpv$) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ kÑp V$L$phhp dpV¡$ A¡L$ kl¡gp¡ fõsp¡ A`_pìep¡ S>¡_u qL„$ds NyS>fps_u âÅA¡ Q|L$hhu `X$u. R>¡ëgp„ L¡$V$gp„L$ hjp£\u Adv$phpv$dp„ L$p¡dhpv$ cygpC Nep¡ lsp¡, `f„sy ApS>¡ Adv$phpv$dp„ rlÞvy$-dy[õgdp¡ A¡L$buÅ_p rhõspfdp„ S>sp„ X$fu füp R>¡. Ap âL$pf_y„ rlÞvy$Ðh rlÞvy$Ap¡_¡ `Z d„S|>f _\u.

qv$_¡i _pef (L$p¡g¡S>_p¡ rhÛp\}, Adv$phpv$) : R>¡ëgp„ OZp„ hjp£\u NyS>fpsdp„ dy[õgdp¡ apV$u_¡ ^ydpX¡$ Nep lsp. s¡d_¡ fp¡L$_pf-L$l¡_pf L$p¡C _lp¡sy„. d_¡ L$p¡C i„L$p _\u L¡$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u dy¿e â^p_ lp¡hp_¡ L$pfZ¡ S> NyS>fps_u rlÞvy$ âÅA¡ tlds L$fu R>¡. _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ rlÞvy$Ap¡_¡ A¡d_p Np¥fh_u hps afu\u iuMhu R>¡.

rië`p `V¡$g (N©rlZu, Adv$phpv$) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u rhi¡ d_¡ TpTu L$p¡C ÅZL$pfu _\u, `f„sy Ap `l¡gu qv$hpmu A¡hu R>¡ L¡$ Ad¡ Mfuv$u L$fhp S|>_p Adv$phpv$ rhõspfdp„ S>C i¼ep _\u. dpfp `rs_u õ`ô$ k|Q_p R>¡ L¡$ qv$hpmu_u sdpd Mfuv$u rlÞvy$ rhõspfdp„\u S> L$fhp_u.

fd¡i `V¡$g (kpBL$g_p h¡`pfu, Adv$phpv$) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ lz„ dv®$ _¡sp NÏ„ Ry>„. cpfs_p L$ep _¡spdp„ A¡V$gu spL$ps R>¡ L¡$ `pqL$õsp_ kpd¡ bp¡ghp_u ApV$gu tlds L$fu iL¡$? s¡Ap¡ kpQu hps L$X$hu fus¡ L$l¡ R>¡ A¡ L$v$pQ L¡$V$gpL$_¡ _l] Ndsy„ lp¡e.

Ly„$sg ipl (h¡`pfu, Adv$phpv$) : lz„ sd_¡ A¡L$ S> Dv$plfZ Ap`y„ S>¡_p `f\u ¿epg Aphi¡ L¡$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u L¡$V$gp gp¡L$râe R>¡. dpfp¡ bpf hj®_p¡ `yÓ dp¥qgL$ L$p¡C fpS>L$pfZuAp¡_¡ Ap¡mMsp¡ _\u, `f„sy _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ Äepf¡ V$uhu `f bsphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ Ðepf¡ sfs S> s¡ bp¡gu EW¡$ R>¡ L¡$ `à`p, Sy>Ap¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u Apìep.

fqkL$ h¥Û (rinL$, kyfs) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ lz„ b¡ fus¡ d|ghy„ Ry>„. s¡Ap¡ Äepf¡ kÑp `f Apìep Ðepf¡ A¡d_¡ fpS> Qgphhp_p¡ L$p¡C A_ych _lp¡sp¡, `f„sy Np¡^fpL$p„X$ `R>u ApS>¡ s¡Ap¡ NyS>fpsdp„ NyS>fpsuAp¡_p lufp¡ b_u Nep R>¡. ApS>¡ v¡$idp„ L¡$V$gp dy¿e â^p_p¡ A¡hp R>¡ L¡$ S>¡Ap¡ ipfuqfL$ fus¡ ApV$gp õa©rs®gp lp¡e A_¡ ApV$gy„ kMs L$pd L$fu iL$sp lp¡e. _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_u L$pe®`Ùrs qhi¡ L$v$pQ L$p¡C V$uL$p L$fu iL¡$, `f„sy A¡d_u âpdprZL$sp bpbs¡ lSy> ky^u L$p¡C L„$C L$lu i¼ey„ _\u. NyS>fpsdp„ sp¡ A¡d_u Bd¡S> A¡L$ ky`f lufp¡ sfuL¡$_u S> R>¡.

Afthv$cpC kp¡g„L$u (h¡`pfu, kyfs) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u ApS>¡ NyS>fpsdp„ gp¡L$râe R>¡ A¡ bpbs¡ i„L$p _\u, `f„sy s¡d_u NZ_p a¼s rlÞvy$Ap¡_p _¡sp sfuL¡$ S> \pe R>¡. fpÄe_p sdpd hNp£ A¡d_p\u Myi _\u A¡hy„ d_¡ gpN¡ R>¡. Ap D`fp„s A¡dZ¡ âÅ dpV¡$ A¡hu `Z L$p¡C dlp_ L$pdNufu L$fu _\u L¡$ S>¡\u âÅ A¡d_p `f hpfu Åe. L¡$iycpC `V¡$g bp¡gsp Ap¡Ry>„ A_¡ L$pd h^y L$fsp Äepf¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u bp¡g¡ R>¡ h^y A_¡ L$pd Ap¡Ry>„ L$f¡ R>¡.

dp¡lçdv$ d¡dZ (qfnpX²$pBhf, kyfs) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ lz„ NyS>fpsdp„ \e¡gu lÐepAp¡ dpV¡$ S>hpbv$pf NÏ„ Ry>„. cg¡ A¡dZ¡ dy[õgdp¡_u L$sg¡Apd dpV¡$ ku^u k|Q_p _l] Ap`u lp¡e, `f„sy a¼s dy[õgdp¡ S> _l], rlÞvy$Ap¡_p„ d©Ðey dpV¡$ `Z dpfu ×rô$A¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u S> S>hpbv$pf R>¡. Ap D`fp„s NyS>fps dpV¡$ A¡dZ¡ A¡hy„ L$p¡C Mpk L$pd _\u L$ey¯ L¡$ S>¡_p\u A¡d_p„ hMpZ L$fhp„ `X¡$.

AgL$p rÓh¡v$u (N©rlZu, kyfs) : R>p`p„Ap¡ hp„Qsp„ A¡d gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u M|b Ly$im dy¿e â^p_ R>¡. V$uhu Q¡_gp¡ `f A¡d_u S>¡ Mp¡V$u VuL$pAp¡ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A¡_p\u A¡d_u gp¡L$râespdp„ h^pfp¡ \ep¡ R>¡. NyS>fpsuAp¡_¡ gpNu füy„ R>¡ L¡$ R>¡hV¡$ NyS>fpsuAp¡_u hps rl„dsc¡f L$f_pf L$p¡C dy¿e â^p_ NyS>fps_¡ dþep Mfp.

dp¥g¡i `V¡$g (d¡_¡tS>N qX$f¡¼V$f, bp_g¡åk rgrdV¡$X$, fpS>L$p¡V$) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u dy¿ed„Óu sfuL¡$ d_¡ gNuf¡ Ndsp _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ s¡dZ¡ Aphsu hMs¡ h_-X¡$ S>¡hy„ `fap¡d®Þk Ap`hp_u hps L$fu lsu, Äepf¡ hpõsqhL$ `fap¡d®Þk _ufk füy„. dy¿ed„Óu`v$ A¡hXy„$ dp¡Vy„$ R>¡ L¡$ Np¡^fpL$p„X$ L¡$ Adv$phpv$_p„ L$p¡du lzëgX$p¡ v$frdep_ `Z A_¡L$ âL$pf_p„ rhL$pk_p„ L$pdp¡ \C i¼ep„ lp¡s. `Z dp¡v$uA¡ L$iy„ S> _\u L$ey¯. Np¥fhepÓp\u iy„ Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ rhL$pk \C iL¡$ Mfp¡? Å¡ dp¡v$uA¡ ^pey¯ lp¡s sp¡ L$p¡du s„Nqv$gu v$frdep_ `Z A_¡L$ âL$pf_u Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ R|>V$R>pV$ Ap`u i¼ep lp¡s. `Z s¡dZ¡ Ap`u _\u. dy¿ed„Óu sfuL¡$ dp¡v$u dpÓ `¡`fV$pBNf kpqbs \ep R>¡.

dp¡v$u A¡L$v$d L$p¡dhpv$u lp¡hp_p¡ v¡$Mph L$f¡ R>¡, `f„sy dy[õgdp¡_¡ Npmp¡ cp„X$hp\u rlÞvy$Ap¡ sfau lp¡hp_u R>p` Ecu L$fhp_u õV$pBg Mp¡V$u R>¡. dp¡v$uA¡ Ap A¡L$ hj® v$frdep_ rlÞvy$ eyhp_p¡ dpV¡$ iy„ L$ey¯? A¡L$ dpZk sfuL¡$ dp¡v$u_u L$p¡C Ap¡mM flu _\u.

fpS>L$pfZu sfuL¡$ dp¡v$u k„NW$_dp„ S> Qpg¡. kq¾$e fpS>L$pfZ\u s¡d_¡ v|$f fpMhp_u S>ê$f R>¡. dp¡v$uA¡ NyS>fpsdp„ Aphu_¡ afu\u cpS>`dp„ cpNgp `X$pìep R>¡. fpS>L$pfZ$ qL$Þ_pMp¡fu_p¡ rhje _\u. fpS>L$pfZ sp¡ fpS>_uqs_p OX$sf_u hps R>¡. _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ NyS>fps cpS>`dp„ 1995dp„ `Z cpNgp `X$pìep lsp. A¡ cpNgp_u kp¡m ApS>¡ `Z cpS>`_u `uW$ `f v¡$MpC flu R>¡. Ap hMs¡ dp¡v$uA¡ S>¡ cpNgp kÄep® R>¡ A¡ AL$ë`_ue `qfZpd gphi¡.

`f¡i `fdpf (õdpV®$ N°y` Ap¡a L„$`_uT, fpS>L$p¡V$) : lz„ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_¡ A¡L$ Apv$i® sfuL¡$ Å¡sp¡ lsp¡, `f„sy A¡ sp¡ î¡›$ Arc_¡sp _uL$þep. lz„ dp_sp¡ lsp¡ L¡$ dp¡v$u dy¿ed„Óu bÞep A¡V$g¡ NyS>fps_p eyhp_p¡_¡ fpS>>L$pfZdp„ fk g¡sp„ L$fi¡, `f„sy Myv$ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u OfX$p fpS>L$pfZuAp¡ kpd¡ N„vy$„ fpS>L$pfZ fdhp b¡ku Nep. dy¿ed„Óu bÞep `R>u dp¡v$uA¡ âNrs_p fõs¡ Qpghy„ Å¡CA¡ s¡_p bv$g¡ A¡ A^p¡Nqs_p dpN£ Qpëep R>¡. Å¡ dp¡v$u dpZk sfuL¡$ r_›$php_ lp¡s sp¡ s¡dZ¡ hX$ug kp\uv$pfp¡_p¡ Apv$f L$ep£ lp¡s A_¡ kdheõL$ kp\uv$pfp¡_¡ rhðpkdp„ gC_¡ L$pd L$ey¯ lp¡s, `f„sy Ap b„_¡dp„\u L$iy„ \ey„ _\u.

fpS>L$pfZu sfuL¡$ dp¡v$u `p¡sp_u Ås_¡ AÐe„s lp¡riepf fpS>L$pfZu dp_¡ R>¡, `Z hpõshdp„ A¡ lp¡riepf kprbs \hp_p _\u. AÐepf¡ NyS>fps cpS>` `pk¡ kh®kpdpÞe NZpe A¡hp A¡L$`Z _¡sp _\u A¡V$g¡ cpS>` dp¡hX$ud„X$m dp¡v$u_¡ ApNm L$f¡ R>¡, `Z S>¡hu Q|„V$Zu `|fu \i¡ L¡$ sfs S> dp¡v$u_¡ qv$ëlu fhp_p L$fu v¡$hpdp„ Aphi¡. Ap hps Å¡ dpfp S>¡hp kpdpÞe rbT_¡kd¡__¡ `Z _fu Ap„M¡ v¡$Mpsu lp¡e sp¡ iy„ dp¡v$u_¡ _l] kdÅsu lp¡e?

dp¡v$u_¡ dy¿ed„Óu sfuL¡$ `prk„N dp¼k® `Z dmsp _\u, L$pfZ L¡$ A¡ S>bfv$õs Od„X$u A_¡ Arcdp_u dy¿ed„Óu R>¡. dy¿ed„Óu Mf¡Mf sp¡ d„Óud„X$m_¡ rhïhpkdp„ gC_¡ Qpgsp¡ lp¡hp¡ Å¡CA¡, Äepf¡ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_p L$p¡C `Z r_Z®e dpV¡$ d„Óud„X$m k„`|Z® klds lp¡e A¡hy„ ¼epf¡e gpÁey„ _\u. fpÅ v$fbpf_¡ rhðpkdp„ _ g¡ sp¡ âÅ_¡ iy„ A¡ fpÅ `f MpM rhðpk fl¡. dp¡v$u dy¿ed„Óu _\u, `Z Np„^u_Nf rh^p_kcp_p kfdy¿pÐepf R>¡.

du_pnu Q„v$pfpZp (N©rlZu, fpS>L$p¡V$) : _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_y„ ìe[¼sÐh Å¡C_¡ d_¡ gpN¡ R>¡ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ M|b S> v„$cu R>¡. A¡ L$l¡ R>¡ L„$C A_¡ L$f¡ R>>¡ L„$C buSy>„ S>. d_¡ A¡d_y„ rlÞvy$Ðh `Z bp¡vy„$ gpN¡ R>¡. lz„ dp_y„ Ry>„ L¡$ s¡Ap¡ ApS>L$pg S>¡ L„$C bp¡gu füp R>¡ s¡dp„ fpS>L$ue l¡sy\u rhi¡j buSy>„ L$iy„ S> _\u. lz„ sp¡ Ap hMs¡ A¡[ÞV$dp¡v$u dsv$p_ L$fui.

r_s¡j Ap¡Tp (rbT_¡kd¡_, fpS>L$p¡V$) : NyS>fps_¡ ApS>¡ OZpb^p _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u_u S>ê$f R>¡. BõgprdL$ Ópkhpv$ lh¡ lv$ hmp¡V$u füp¡ R>¡. NyS>fpsdp„ `Z Ópkhpv$uAp¡ v¡$Mp v$C Q|¼ep R>¡. dp¡v$u S>¡hp L$W$p¡f ipkL$ _l] lp¡e sp¡ Ópkhpv$uAp¡_¡ NyS>fpsdp„ dp¡L$my„ d¡v$p_ dmi¡. L$p¢N°¡k_u _urs l„d¡i dy[õgdsfau flu R>¡. d_¡ _\u gpNsy„ L¡$ dy¿ed„Óu _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$u L$fsp„ kpfp¡ L$p¡C rhL$ë` AÐepf¡ lp¡e. âÅ iy„ i„L$ftkl hpO¡gp_¡ Q|„V$i¡? lz„ sp¡ dp¡v$u_¡ S> `k„v$ L$fui.

de„L$ `„X$ép (hL$ug, fpS>L$p¡V$) : rlÞvy$Ðh Å¡ Aphy„ lp¡e sp¡ A¡hp rlÞvy$Ðh `f d_¡ ifd Aph¡ R>¡. Np¡^fpL$p„X$ `R>u NyS>fpsdp„ _f¡ÞÖ dp¡v$uA¡ S>¡ \hp v$u^y„ s¡_p„ dpW$p„ `qfZpdp¡ NyS>fps_u âÅA¡ gp„bp kde ky^u cp¡Nhhp„ `X$i¡. lzëgX$p¡ hMs¡ `Z Ad¡ rdÓp¡ A¡L$W$p \sp Ðepf¡ A¡ S> hps_u QQp® \su A_¡ Adpfpdp„\u dp¡V$p cpN_p gp¡L$p¡ sp¡ap__u rhfyÙdp„ lsp. NyS>fpsdp„ kÅ®e¡gu [õ\rs dpV¡$ lz„ dp¡v$u_¡ S>hpbv$pf NÏ„ Ry>„.

k„`|Z® Al¡hpg : NyS>fps Q|„V$Zu_p fpl¡