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lp¡d`¡S> > h^y kdpQpfp¡ >
g¡Mrhi¡j
35 lqfS>_ L$Þep_p„ dpbp`_p dy„bCdp„ A¡L$ dp„X$h¡ _¡l¡ _¡Z _d¡ R>¡
10 a¡b°yApfu, 2003
L$p[Þs cË$
lfM¡ Ap„MgX$u c]Åe f¡, _¡l¡ _¡Z _d¡ f¡...
dpfp X$pbp afyL¡$ f¡ A„N f¡...
dy„bCdp„ dN_gpg X²¡$khpgp_¡ Ðep„ A¡L$ X$T_ hffpÅ_p X²¡$k_u hfv$u Aph¡ R>¡ `Z s¡ X²¡$k L$p¡C _pV$L$hpmp L¡$ qaëdhpmp dpV¡$ _\u.
dy„bCdp„ S|>_p b¡ÞX$hpÅhpmp_p„ 20 b¡ÞX$_¡ hpÅ„ hNpX$hp_u hfv$u dm¡ R>¡ `Z s¡ L$p¡C qaëd_p i|qV„$N dpV¡$ _\u.
v$np h¡NX$p Nus Nphp Aph¡gu R>¡, `Z L$p¡C d_p¡f„S>__p¡ L$pe®¾$d _\u.
dy„bCdp„ b¡ Op¡X$p_u rh¼V$p¡qfep NpX$u_p 10 NpX$uhpmp_¡ iy¾$hpf, sp. 7du a¡b°yApfuA¡ k¡ÞX$lõV®$ fp¡X$dp„ S>hp_u hfv$u dm¡ R>¡ `Z Ðep„ L$p¡C ap¡f¡_ Vy$qfõV$p¡ Apìep _\u.
hps A¡d R>¡ L¡$ k¡ÞX$lõV®$ fp¡X$ `pk¡ çeyr_rk`g d¡v$p_dp„ A¡L$ dp„X$h¡ 35 lqfS>_ L$Þep A_¡ dyfrsep_p„ kd|lgÁ_ \C füp„ R>¡. s¡dp„_p OZp hffpÅ_¡ X²¡$k rkhX$phhp_u Ó¡hX$ _\u s¡ X²¡$k cpX¡$ gpìep R>¡ L¡$ h¡Qpsp gpìep R>¡. v$np h¡NX$p d¡Ohpm kdpS>_u iyc¡ÃR>L$ R>¡ s¡\u Ap kd|lgÁ_dp„ gÁ_Nus Nphp Aphu lsu.
v¡$hy„ L$fu_¡ `Z L¡$V$gpL$ hf_p bp` b¡ÞX$hpÅhpmp_¡ v$uL$fp_p hfOp¡X$pdp„ gpìep R>¡. lÆ \p¡X$p h^y dpgv$pf lqfS>_p¡A¡ hffpÅ_¡ rh¼V$p¡qfep NpX$udp„ b¡kpX$u_¡ hfOp¡X$p¡ L$pY$ép¡ R>¡. R> hffpÅ lp\dp„ sghpf gC_¡ `fZhp _uL$þep R>¡. 21du kv$udp„ lÆ dy„bCdp„ hpg`MpX$u rhõspf_p lqfS>_p¡dp„ S|>_p qfhpS> cygpep _\u. TdfM v$uhX$p¡ lp\dp„ gC_¡ hffpÅ_u dp dp\¡ dp¡qX$ep¡ bp„^¡ R>¡. DS>rmeps L$p¡d gÁ__u rhr^Ap¡ c|gu Ne¡gu R>¡ `Z lqfS>_p¡ gÁ__p sdpd S|>_p qfhpS> `pm¡ R>¡. hffpÅAp¡ Op¡X¡$ QY$u_¡ dy„bC_p hpg`MpX$u rhõspfdp„ 2 L$gpL$ V²$pqaL$ Åd L$f¡ R>¡.
gN_ g¡sp„ `l¡gp„ sygku DNpX$hp `R>u Npd_¡ `pv$f¡ S>C_¡ Nus Npsp„ Npsp„ gÁ_h¡v$u fQhp dpV¡$ spÆ dpV$u gphhu. ky\pf_¡ Ðep„\u dpZ¡L$õs„c gC Aphhp¡. hf-L$Þep dpV¡$ d]Y$m gphhp„. hf-L$Þep_¡ `uW$u Qp¡mhu. gÁ_ ANpD AW$hpqX$ey„ fpÓ¡ gN__p„ Nus NhX$phu Np_pqfey„_¡ Mpf¡L$ L¡$ kpL$f_p¡ `X$p¡ Ap`hp¡. gÁ__u L„$L$p¡sfudp„ NyS>fu Ne¡gp bp`p, L$pL$p A_¡ v$pv$p_p„ `Z _pd gMhp„. b^u S> L„$L$p¡sfu Ås¡ Ap`hp S>hy„. L$Þep_p L$pL$p L¡$ L$p¡C dpku qfkpep„ lp¡e sp¡ b^p_¡ d_phhp S>hy„. hpf„hpf sph Aph¡ sp¡ lÆe c|hp_¡ bp¡gphu_¡ "v$pZp Å¡hX$phhp'. Aphp qfhpÅ¡ kp¥fpô²$_u OZu rlS>fsu L$p¡dp¡ dy„bCdp„ ÓZ `¡Y$u\u fl¡ R>¡ R>sp„ `pm¡ R>¡.
hpg`MpX$udp„ 40 V$L$p Of_u hlz kkfp_u gpS> L$pY¡$ R>¡ `Z gpS> L$pY$u_¡ kkfp kp\¡ v$gugp¡ `Z L$f¡ R>¡ L¡$ hY$hpX$ L$f¡ R>¡. 30 V$L$p L$ÞepAp¡ dyfrsep L$fsp„ h^y ê$`pmu, h^y Np¡fu A_¡ h^y cZ¡gu lp¡e R>¡. lj®v$ bp¡fuQp _pd_p A¡¼kpBT Mpsp_p Ap¡rakf f„N¡ íepd R>¡, lqfS>_hpkdp„ ER>ep® R>¡ `Z N°¡ÄeyA¡V$ \e¡gu rÀõsu-Np¡fu L$Þep_¡ `fÎep R>¡. rlÞvy$ gÁ_rhr^\u `fÎep R>¡. rÀõsu_¡ rlÞvy$ b_phu R>¡.
dL$fk„¾$p„rs_¡ kp¥fpô²$dp„ Mulf_p¡ sl¡hpf L$l¡ R>¡. L$Þep_p„ dpspr`spA¡ gÁ__¡ 10d¡ hfk¡ `Z v$uL$fu_¡ kpkf¡ Aphu_¡ v$uL$fu_¡ Mulf_p¡ "MuQX$p¡' (A_pS>, L$`X$p„, sg-ddfp_p gpX$hp) Ap`hp¡ `X¡$ R>¡. lÆe v$uL$fu_p¡ v$uL$fp¡ L¡$ v$uL$fu `fZ¡ sp¡ dpd¡fy„ L$fhy„ `X¡$ R>¡. `fZph¡gu `yÓu df¡ Ðep„ ky^u dpbp`¡ Aphp Mulf_p MuQX$p L¡$ buÅ gpNpAp¡ lSy>e Ap`hp `X¡$ R>¡. ApS>¡ rlÞvy$Ðh ANf sp¡ kpQu cpfsue k„õL©$rs_¡ h^y _¡ h^y hmNu füp lp¡e sp¡ lqfS>_p¡ R>¡, ANf NfubhN®_p sdpd _psÅs_p gp¡L$p¡ R>¡.
Al] 14 a¡b°yApfuA¡ Ap L$p¡ddp„ h¡g¡ÞV$pB_ X¡$ `mpsp¡ _\u, R>sp„ OZp¡ â¡d lp¡e R>¡. hapv$pfu lp¡e R>¡. `fZu_¡ ApMu tS>v$Nu õhpdu Ap_„v$_p kàs`v$u rhi¡_p Ddv$p rhQpfp¡ Myiu\u _uQgu NZpsu L$p¡d `pm¡ R>¡. d¡Ohpm L$p¡ddp„ R|>V$pR>¡X$p_y„ âdpZ Ap¡R>pdp„ Ap¡Ry>„ R>¡ A_¡ gÁ_dp„ L¡$ h¡rhipmdp„ `rs, `Ð_u L¡$ h¡rhipm_p L$pQp gÁ__p„ `pÓp¡_¡ _ b_¡ sp¡ d¡Ohpm `„Qpes S>gv$u\u Ry>V$L$pfp¡ L$fu Ap`¡ R>¡.
õhpdu Ap_„v¡$ cpfs_¡ QqfÓ_p¡ v¡$i L$üp¡ R>¡. Ap QqfÓ, d¡Ohpm L$p¡ddp„ L¡$ Nfub L$p¡dp¡dp„ h^ydp„ h^y v¡$Mpe R>¡. Al] kàs`v$u hMs¡ Np¡fdlpfpS> k„õL©$sdp„ ïgp¡L$p¡ bp¡g¡ R>¡ s¡ L$p¡C hffpÅ kdS>sp¡ _\u L¡$ L$Þep kdS>su _\u, `Z L$Þep `fZu_¡ ApMp gÁ_Æh__p¡ cpf D`pX¡$ R>¡.
õhpdu Ap_„v¡$ g¿ey„ R>¡ L¡$ rlÞvy$ Æh_v$i®_dp„ k©rô$_p¡ sdpd ìehlpf eo D`f Ecp¡ \e¡gp¡ R>¡ A_¡ eo D`f _c¡ R>¡ A¡hu L$ë`_p Ap`Zp F>rjdyr_Ap¡A¡ L$fu R>¡. eo A¡V$g¡ S>¡ `p¡sp_y„ R>¡ s¡ buÅ_¡ dpV¡$ lp¡dhy„, Okphy„ A_¡ ÐepN L$fhp¡. NfubhN® A_¡ Ap d¡Ohpm hN®_u `fZ¡gu L$Þep_¡ Sy>Ap¡. s¡ budpf lp¡e, V$ubu lp¡e, R>psudp„ vy$Msy„ lp¡e sp¡ `Z OfL$pd L$fu_¡ `R>u kpkyA¡ Np¡s¡gy„ blpf_y„ L$pd L$fhp L$pep Okhp Åe R>¡. buÅ_¡ dpV¡$ lp¡dphy„, Okphy„, ÐepN L$fhp¡ A¡ b^y„ ÅZ¡ Nfub L$p¡d_¡ dpV¡$ h_-h¡ õV²$uV$ R>¡. ÷uAp¡ S> Okpe R>¡.
õhpdu Ap_„v¡$ g¿ey„ L¡$ `fd¡ðf_¡ Äepf¡ A¡L$ghpey„ gpÁey„ Ðepf¡ s¡Z¡ "A¡L$p¡ld¹ blzõepd¹'- lz„ A¡L$gp¡ Ry>„ s¡dp„\u OZp¡ \pJ A¡hu BÃR>p L$fu A_¡ âÅAp¡ DÐ`Þ_ L$fu. kp\¡ S> eo Üpfp S> sd¡ v¡$hv¡$hu_¡ syô$ L$fp¡, s¡hu Apop L$fu. `Z b°pûZ âÅA¡ S|>_p kdedp„ âÅ-âÅ hÃQ¡ c¡v$ `pX$ép A¡V$g¡ d¡Ohpm L$p¡d¡ S> lp¡dphy„, Okphy„ A_¡ ÐepN L$fhp¡ `X$ép¡. lh¡ 21du kv$udp„ d¡Ohpm `yfyjp¡_y„ Okphy„-lp¡dphy„ b„^ R>¡ `Z ÷ukdpS> lÆ Okpe R>¡.
rirns hN® â¡d_u ìep¿epAp¡ L$f¡ R>¡. gÁ__u kdõep_u QQp® L$f¡ R>¡. gpNZu A_¡ â¡d_u h¥opr_L$ ìep¿epAp¡ L$f¡ R>¡. rhop_uAp¡_p¡ hN® gpNZu L¡$ A¡hu b^u apgsy hpsp¡_¡ dp_sp¡ _\u. gpNZu_¡ v$pv$ Ap`sp¡ _\u. h¥opr_L$p¡ dp_¡ R>¡ L¡$ sdpfy„ dNS> sp¡ dp„k_y„ b_¡gy„ L$p¡çàeyV$f R>¡ A_¡ d_ A¡ s¡_u Ap¡`f¡qV„$N rkõV$d R>¡!
Ap g¡M hp„Q_pfp¡ hpQL$ A¡ sp¡ dpÓ ApX$`¡v$piê$`¡ gpNZu\u R>V$L$u S>C gMpe¡gy„ hp„Q¡ R>¡. `f„sy d¡Ohpm L$p¡d L¡$ Nfub L$p¡d s¡d_u gpNZu L¡$ d__¡ L$p¡çàeyV$f_u Ap¡`f¡qV„$N rkõV$d dp_sp¡ _\u. s¡ îu îu frhi„L$f L¡$ Apkpfpd bp`y `pk¡ `Z S>sp¡ _\u. s¡ `|fu gpNZu kp\¡ dpbp`, qv$ef, S>¡W$, S>¡W$pZu, v¡$fpZu, _Z„v$ A¡ b^p„ kp\¡ gpNZu_p k„b„^p¡ fpM¡ R>¡. dfsp„ ky^u k„b„^p¡ `pm¡ R>¡. Ap_¡ L$pfZ¡ b^u S> k„õL©$rs _pi `pdi¡ `Z rlÞvy$ k„õL©$rs Nfub gp¡L$p¡ \L$u S> Adf fl¡i¡.
kàs`v$udp„ hf v$f¡L$ h¡mp hlz_¡ k„bp¡^u_¡ Æh_^dp£_p `pg_dp„ kp\ Ap`hp_u dpNZu L$f¡ R>¡ A_¡ L$Þep- ""lz„ sdpfp ^d®`pg_dp„ _¡ v$f¡L$ ^dp®QfZdp„ sd_¡ kp\ Ap`ui A_¡ sdpfu Å¡X$uv$pf b_u_¡ flui A¡d L$l¡ R>¡.''
eo_p A[Á_ kdn `yfp¡rls kdn A_¡ Å¡ dy„bCdp„ 7 a¡b°yApfu, 2003_p„ 35 hf-L$Þep_p„ kd|lgÁ_p¡_¡ Å¡CA¡ sp¡ 10,000 dl¡dp_p¡_u lpS>fudp„ Ap d¡Ohpm eyNgp¡A¡ Æh_^d®_p `pg__u ârsop L$f¡gu. Al] 35 gÁ_d„X$`p¡dp„ v$f¡L$_p eo_u h¡v$u lsu. S>¡ b°pûZp¡A¡ 100 hj® `l¡gp„ Ap d¡Ohpmp¡_¡ lX$k¡gu_¡ blpf L$pY¡$gp s¡hp b°pûZp¡ `pk¡ S> gÁ_rhr^ L$fphu_¡ KQu v$rnZp `Z Ap`¡gu.
kàs`v$u_u v$f¡L$ ârsop_p¡ hf DÃQpf L$f¡ R>¡ _¡ L$Þep- ""lz„ sdpfp v$f¡L$ ^dp®QfZdp„ sdpfu Å¡X$uv$pf b_u_¡ flui'' A¡d L$l¡ R>¡. _prsfrlsìe Ðhep Bv$d_p¡ DÃQpf Np¡f L$f¡ R>¡, `Z L$Þep k„õL©$s kdS>su _\u. R>sp„e d¡Ohpm L¡$ Nfub Of_u sdpd L$p¡d_u L$Þep gÁ__p¡ [õ`qfV$ A_¡ kàs`v$u_u ârsop `pm¡ R>¡. hf b¡L$pf lp¡e Ðepf¡ `Ð_u _p¡L$fu L$f¡ R>¡. L¡$V$gpL$ hf v$pê$ `uA¡ R>¡ A_¡ `Ð_u s¡_p¡ dpf MpC_¡ r_cph¡ R>¡. hf R>p¡L$fp `¡v$p L$ep® rkhpe L„$C L$fsp¡ _\u, `Z L$Þep R>p¡L$fp DR>¡f¡ R>¡. çeyr_rk`g õL|$gdp„ cZhp dp¡L$g¡ R>¡ A¡ `R>u s¡_¡ ky^fpCdp„ TpXy$ D`pX$hy„ _ `X¡$ L¡$ s¡_u dpaL$ OfL$pd_p„ `pfL$p„ hpkZ-L$`X$p„ ^p¡hp„ _ `X¡$ s¡ dpV¡$ v$uL$fu-v$uL$fp_¡ cZph¡ R>¡. ÅZ¡ ^d®`pg_ A¡ ÷uA¡ S> gu^¡gp¡ BÅfp¡ lp¡e. `f„sy ApS>¡ d¡Ohpm kdpS> h^y k„õL$pfu \ep¡ R>¡. dp¡V$p cpN_p„ Ly$Vy„$bp¡dp„ ÷uAp¡ kyMu R>¡. ÷u_y„ dp_ S>mhpe R>¡.
õhpdu Ap_„v$ L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ tS>v$Nu_p kp¡m k„õL$pfp¡dp„ rhhplrhr^_p¡ k„õL$pf blz dlÒh_p¡ R>¡. rhhpl A¡ L„$C kyMkNhX$ ip¡^hp_p¡ A_¡ cp¡Nhhp_p¡ dp¡L$p¡ _\u. rlÞvy$ N©lõ\pîdu-÷u`yfyj_y„ ApMy„ Æh_ eoê$` R>¡ A¡dp„ ^d®, A\®, L$pd A¡ ÓZ `yfyjp\p£_u `qf`|rs® A_¡ rkqÙ_¡ kpfy b¡DA¡ A¡L$Æh \C_¡ d\hp_y„ R>¡- Ad¡ A¡L$buÅ D`f ¼ep„e ArsQpf A¡V$g¡ L¡$ A¡L$buÅ D`f Å¡fphfu _l] L$fuA¡ A¡hu ârsop\u b„_¡A¡ b„^pC_¡ Æh_ M¡X$hp_y„ R>¡. fpsqv$hk `pfL$p_¡ `p¡sp_p L$fu_¡ A_¡ A_¡L$_p„ d_ fpMu_¡ Mdu Mdu_¡, eo_p lp¡dp[Á_dp„ `p¡sp_u Ås_¡ lp¡du lp¡du_¡ Æhsfê$`u kyhZ®_y„ ip¡^_ L$fhp_y„ A_¡ kp¡ V$Q_y„ Ly„$v$_ b_u_¡ _uL$mhp_y„ R>¡... Aphp¡ Ap rlÞvy$ N©lõ\pîd_p¡ Apv$i® R>¡. A¡ L„$C A¡L$buÅ_u kyMkNhX$ L¡$ ^_L$dpZu_p¡ kp¡v$p¡ _\u. A¡ A¡hu cpNuv$pfu _\u L¡$ S>¡dp„\u _ `pgìey„, _ `fhX$éy„ sp¡ R|>V$p„ \C S>hpe...
õhpdu Ap_„v¡$ blz S> ApL$fu hps L$fu R>¡. ApS>_p¡ rirns kdpS> s¡_¡ "hprleps' NZ¡ s¡hu hps L$fu Nep R>¡, `Z Ap hps_¡- Ap kàs`v$u_p [õ`qfV$_¡ dlv$ A„i¡ NfubhN® A_¡ d¡Ohpm L$p¡d `pm¡ R>¡. dy„bC, BNs`yfu, _prkL$, cykphm hN¡f¡ il¡fp¡dp„ d¡Ohpm L$p¡d_u 6 gpM_u hkrs R>¡.
1856_p vy$L$pmdp„ kp¥fpô²$dp„\u- cph_Nf, kyf¡ÞÖ_Nf, bp¡V$pv$, g]bX$u, Adv$phpv$ hN¡f¡ il¡fp¡dp„\u hZL$f L$p¡d dy„bC Aphu. A¡ hMs¡ A„N°¡Å¡_y„ ipk_ lsy„. hZL$fu_y„ L$pd _lp¡sy„ A¡V$g¡ A„N°¡Å¡A¡ s¡d_¡ kapC_y„ L$pd kp¢àey„, `Z dy„bC_p ES>mp kdpS>¡ s¡_¡ Aõ`©íe NÎep. Ap d¡Ohpmp¡ dy„bpv¡$hu, dlpgÿdu d„qv$f L¡$ lh¡gudp„ S>C iL$sp _l]. ApMf¡ dlpÐdp Np„^u A_¡ Sy>NgqL$ip¡f rbfgpA¡ W$½$f bp`p_u rh_„su\u hpg`MpX$udp„ gÿdu_pfpeZ d„qv$f b_phu Apàey„.
A¡ `R>u Ap L$p¡d¡ `yfyjp\®dp„ `pRy>„ hmu_¡ Å¡ey„ _\u. L¡$ihcpC `pfr^ cZu_¡ AprkõV„$V$ L$g¡¼V$f \ep R>¡. cpZÆcpC fpW$p¡X$ hL$ug R>¡. gÿdubl¡_ hp¡fp qX$f¡¼V$f bÞep„ R>¡. rh_p¡v$ bp¡fuQp L¡$V$qf„N L$p¡g¡S>dp„ cZu_¡ õV$pf ¾y$TgpB__u õV$udfp¡dp„ rhv¡$i af¡ R>¡.
35 L$ÞepAp¡_p kd|lgÁ__¡ dy„bC_p A¡L$`Z dp¡V$p i¡qW$epA¡, AMbpfp¡ L¡$ V$uhuA¡ epv$ L$ep¯ _\u, `Z S>¡_¡ Ap`Z¡ A„X$fhëX®$_p L$luA¡ R>uA¡ s¡ AfyZ NhguA¡ Å¡ey„ L¡$ lqfS>_ L$ÞepAp¡ `fZ¡ R>¡ sp¡ s¡Z¡ i„cy_pfpeZ V²$õV$ L$ey¯ R>¡ s¡dp„\u ê$. 12,000_p¡ Qp„v$gp¡ L$ep£ R>¡. Ap kpd|rlL$ gÁ_dp„ kàs`v$u L¡$ eo_u h¡v$u kpd¡ ârsop L$f_pfu d¡Ohpm L$ÞepAp¡ õdip_¡ S>i¡ Ðep„ ky^u õhpdu Ap_„v$_p¡ v$p„`Ðe^d® `pmi¡.
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sdpfp dpV¡$
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