qv$_¡i fpl¡Å

f¡Mp_u S>¡d l¡dp dprg_u `Z `p¡sp_u rkrÙ `f `p¡fkpC iL¡$ R>¡.

f¡Mp A_¡ buÆ L$¡V$guL$ Arc_¡ÓuAp¡_u S>¡d l¡dp dprg_u 100\u h^y rlÞv$u qaëdp¡dp„ L$pd L$fu Q|¼ep„ R>¡ A_¡ A¡_¡ A¡L$ rkrÙ S> L$lu iL$pe.

l¡dp dprg_u s¡d_p„ õV$pfX$d_p„ qv$hkp¡dp„ Arc_¡Óu L$fsp„ s¡d_p `fv$p `f R>hpC S>hp_p Åvy$_¡ gu^¡ h^y ÅZusp„ bÞep„ lsp„. `Z s¡d R>sp„ s¡d_u dyÁ^ L$fu v¡$su ky„v$fsp A_¡ duWy„$ lpõe v$i®L$p¡_p d_ `f lÆ A¡hp„ S> R>hpe¡gp„ R>¡, S>¡hp„ s¡ hMs¡ R>hpe¡gp„ lsp„.

l¡dp dprg_u `f qaëdphpe¡gp„ L¡$V$gp„L$ ÅZusp„ Nusp¡
Nus	qaëd	NpeL$/NpqeL$p
Ap¡ d¡f¡ fpÅ	Å¡_u d¡fp _pd	gsp d„N¡iL$f,  qL$ip¡f Ly$dpf
Ap¡ kp\u Qg	kusp Ap¥f Nusp	Apip cp¡kg¡,  qL$ip¡f Ly$dpf
rNf Nep TydL$p	Sy>Á_y	gsp d„N¡iL$f,  rL$ip¡f Ly$dpf
s| ¼ep Å_¡ hap	lp\ L$u kapC	gsp d„N¡iL$f
S>b sL$ l¦ Å„	ip¡g¡	gsp d„N¡iL$f
Qg k„Þepku d„qv$f d¢	k„Þepku	gsp d„N¡iL$f
d¡f¡ _¥_p kph_cpv$p¡	dl¡b|bp	gsp d„N¡iL$f
_pd Nyd Åe¡Np	qL$_pfp	gsp d„N¡iL$f
tTv$Nu L$u _p V|$V¡	¾$p„rs	gsp d„N¡iL$f,  _urs_ dyL¡$i
d¡f¡ _kub d¢	_kub	gsp d„N¡iL$f
A¥ qv$g¡ _pv$p„	frTep kygsp_	gsp d„N¡iL$f

1970_p¡ v$peL$p¡ l¡dp dprg_u_p¡ lsp¡. A¡ ApMp¡ v$peL$p¡ l¡dp dprg_uA¡ v$i®L$p¡_p qv$g `f A¡L$Q¾$u kpd°pÄe S>dpìey„ lsy„. s¡ `R>u 1980_p v$peL$pdp„ `Z s¡dZ¡ buÆ Arc_¡ÓuAp¡ kp\¡ `p¡sp_y„ õ\p_ S>dphu fp¿ey„ lsy„.

AÐepf¡ 50 hj®_u Jdf¡ `Z s¡d_y„ X²$ud Ng®_y„ ê$` Tp„My„ _\u `X$éy„. lpgdp„ S> bpNbp„ qaëddp„ Ardspc bÃQ_ kpd¡ l¡dp dprg_u_¡ kpB_ L$fhpdp„ Apìep„ lp¡hp_p kdpQpf¡ kp¥_y„ Ýep_ ApL$óe¯y lsy„. s¡d_u Nqfdp A_¡ M|bk|fsuA¡ ApS>¡e gp¡L$p¡_¡ QqL$s L$fu v$u^p R>¡.

v$rnZ cpfs_u Ap ky„v$f Arc_¡Óu a¼s gphÎe A_¡ _pSy>L$pC S> _\u ^fphsu, s¡d_pdp„ `p¡sp_u tS>v$Nu `p¡sp_u fus¡ Æhhp_u ×Y$ BÃR>pi[¼s A_¡ d½$dsp R>¡.

A¡V$g¡ S> sp¡ s¡dZ¡ ^d£ÞÖ_u buÆ `Ð_u b_hp_y„ kplk M¡X$éy„ A_¡ gÁ_ `R>u `Z qaëdp¡dp„ L$pd L$fhp_y„ Qpgy fp¿ey„. A_¡ kp\p¡kp\ bpmL$p¡_p¡ DR>¡f, qv$Áv$i®_, V$uhu rkqfegp¡ A_¡ X$pÞk ip¡ `Z Qpgy S> lsp.

A„Ns tS>v$Nu A_¡ L¡$qfef b„_¡dp„ `|fsy„ Ýep_ v$u^y„.

Å¡L¡$ s¡d_p dpV¡$ L¡$qfef_u iê$Aps r_óamsp\u Apf„cpC lsu. A¡L$ srdm qaëddp„ s¡d_¡ g¡hp_u hps Qpgsu lsu. Ðepf¡ s¡d_u Jdf lsu a¼s 15 hj®. `Z qX$f¡¼V$f îu^f_¡ s¡ k|L$gL$X$u gpÁep„ A¡V$g¡ A¡ qaëddp„\u `X$sp„ dyL$pep„. `R>u dp_u kgpl dp_u_¡ A¡[¼V„$N_¡ bv$g¡ L$pep_¡ h^y OpV$ugu b_phhpdp„ A_¡ _©Ðedp„ d_ `fp¡ìey„.

`Z _kub kp\ v¡$sy„ lsy„ A¡V$g¡ r_dp®sp A_„sõhpdu_u qaëd dmu-k`_p¢ L$p kp¥v$pNf (1968). s¡dp„ s¡d_p lufp¡ lsp fpS> L$`|f. l¡dp dprg_u\u gNcN 20-25 hj® dp¡V$p. qaëd¡ s¡d_¡ X²$ud Ng® sfuL¡$ ârkrÙ A`phu `Z qaëdDÛp¡Ndp„ `yfyj `pÓp¡_u bp¡gbpgp lsu A_¡ s¡_¡ Msd \hp_¡ lÆ \p¡X$p„ hj® gpNhp_p„ lsp„.

s¡ `R>u b¡ hj®dp„ S> l¡dp dprg_uA¡ v¡$h Ap_„v$_u ky`frlV$ qaëd Å¡_u d¡fp _pd (1970)dp„ dlÒh_p¡ fp¡g L$ep£. N¢NõV$f_u kp\uv$pf b_su rlfp¡B_ sfuL¡$_u s¡d_u c|rdL$p A¡V$gu kam \C L¡$ s¡ V$p¡Q_u Arc_¡Óu NZphp gpÁep„.

l¡dpA¡ L¡$qfef dpV¡$ A¡ kde¡ Å¡Mdu b_¡ A¡hu c|rdL$pAp¡ `Z L$fu. A¡ hMs¡ L$p¡C Arc_¡Óu ka¡v$ kpX$udp„ kÄS> rh^hp_p¡ fp¡g L$fhp s¥epf _lp¡su A_¡ l¡dpA¡ 1971dp„ A„v$pT qaëddp„ A¡ fp¡g L$fhp_u tlds v$pMhu. fpS> Ly$dpf_u qaëd gpg `Ð\f (1971)dp„ lufp¡_u fMps_u _¡N¡qV$h i¡X$hpmu c|rdL$p lsu, s¡ `Z l¡dpA¡ bM|bu L$fu.

kusp Ap¥f Nusp (1972) qaëd `l¡gp„ dydspT_¡ Ap¡af \C lsu `Z s¡ Ap¡R>p `¥k¡ L$pd L$fhp s¥epf _lp¡su A¡V$g¡ A¡ qaëd l¡dp_¡ apm¡ NC.

Ap b^u qaëdp¡A¡ Å¡L¡$ l¡dp_u L¡$qfef_¡ _hp S> hmp„L$ `f gphu v$u^u.

kusp Ap¥f Nusp qaëddp„ Ncfy kusp A_¡ bp¡ëX$ Nusp_u b¡hX$u c|rdL$p L$fu_¡ l¡dpA¡ lufp¡gp¡N_u Ry>Ë$u L$fu v$u^u. Ap qaëd¡ l¡dp_¡ _„bf h_ rlfp¡B_ b_phu v$u^p„. qaëd ågp¡L$bõV$f kprbs \C.

s¡ `R>u_p hj£, 1973dp„ N¡lfu Qpg qaëd Aphu. s¡dp„ rS>s¡ÞÖ A_¡ Ardspc bÃQ_ b„_¡ lufp¡ kpBX$ `f \C Nep A_¡ s¡d_¡ bv$g¡ qaëddp„ rlfp¡B_ l¡dp rhg__¡ `pkfp„ L$f¡ R>¡.

A¡L$ `R>u A¡L$ rlV$ qaëdp¡_¡ gu^¡ l¡dp_¡ _pd¡ bp¡¼k Ap¡qak R>gL$php gpNu. 1975dp„ A¡L$ S> hj®dp„ `p„Q rlV$ qaëd Aphu A_¡ s¡dp„ s¡d_u c|rdL$p_p¡ dp¡V$p¡ apmp¡ lsp¡. k„Þepku, ^dp®Ðdp, Myíb|, ârsop A_¡ ip¡g¡ A¡ `p„Q¡e qaëdp¡dp„ s¡d_p¡ Arc_e hMZpep¡. A¡dp„ `Z ip¡g¡ qaëddp„ kss bX$bX$ L$fsu bk„su_y„ `pÓ epv$Npf b_u Ney„.

1970_p v$peL$p_p A„s cpNdp„ l¡dpA¡ ÷uâ^p_ qaëdp¡ dpV¡$ qaëdDÛp¡N_p v$fhpÅ Mp¡gu Ap`hpdp„ dv$v$ L$fu. s¡dZ¡ NygTpf kp\¡ Myíb| (1975), qL$_pfp (1977) A_¡ dufp„ (1979) qaëddp„ L$pd L$ey¯. dõsuMp¡f, fdrsepm, fp¡d¡[ÞV$L$ Arc_¡ÓuA¡ Myíb| qaëddp„ õhprcdp_u Ly$kyd_u c|rdL$p L$fu, sp¡ dufp„ qaëddp„ dufp„bpC_p `pÓ_p„ c[¼s A_¡ ip„s cph_¡ AkfL$pfL$ fus¡ v$ip®ìep.

A¡L$ sfa _pSy>L$ kp¦v$e® A_¡ buÆ sfa `p¥fyjÐhce¯y ìe[¼sÐh. l¡dp A_¡ lud¡_ ^d£ÞÖ_u Å¡X$u rlV$ \C NC. s¡dZ¡ _ep Tdp_p, fpÅ Å_u, Sy>Á_y, ip¡g¡ S>¡hu qaëdp¡ L$fu A_¡ A¡d gNcN 28 qaëdp¡dp„ kp\¡ L$pd L$ey¯.

1980dp„ l¡dp ê$rY$Ap¡ aNphu v$C_¡ ^d£ÞÖ_u buÆ `Ð_u bÞep„. s¡d_u AÐepf ky^u_u b¡v$pN ârs›$p A_¡ Nqfdp_¡ s¡d_p Ap `Ngp\u \p¡X$u kpdprS>L$ lpr_ `lp¢Qu.

1980_p v$peL$p_u iê$Apsdp„ l¡dpA¡ d_p¡S> Ly$dpf_u qaëd ¾$p„rs, d_dp¡l_ v¡$kpC_u _kub, L$dpg Adfp¡lu_u frTep kygsp_ A_¡ rhS>e Ap_„v$_u qaëd fpS>`|s S>¡hu dp¡V$u qaëdp¡ L$fu. s¡ `R>u s¡dZ¡ v$uL$fuAp¡ A¡ip A_¡ Apl_p_p DR>¡fdp„ Ýep_ v¡$hp dp„X$éy„.

Å¡L¡$ l¡dpA¡ L¡$rfef `Z Qpgy fpMu. 1985dp„ Ap„^u s|ap_ A_¡ fpdL$gu S>¡hu kam qaëdp¡ L$fu, sp¡ 1986dp„ A¡L$ QØf d¥gu ku, 1990dp„ qflpC S>¡hu ÷u_p„ kph AgN S> ê$` v$ip®hsu qaëdp¡ `Z L$fu.

qflpC qaëddp„ L$pd L$ep® `R>u s¡d_¡ gpÁey„ L¡$ `p¡s¡ `Z lh¡ qaëd_y„ qv$Áv$i®_ L$fu iL$i¡. A¡V$g¡ s¡dZ¡ qv$g Api_p l¥ qaëd b_phu, `Z s¡ Qpgu _l]. A¡V$g¡ l¡dpA¡ X$pÞk b¡g¡, V$uhu rkqfeëkdp„ Ýep_ `fp¡ìey„. drlgpAp¡ dpV¡$_p rlÞv$u d¡N¡rT_dp„ s„Óu bÞep„ A_¡ v$uL$fu A¡ip_u L¡$qfef OX$hpdp„ gpNu Nep„.

ApS>¡, _kub qaëd 19 hj® `R>u l¡dp Ardspc bÃQ_ kp\¡ `R>u bpNbp„ _pd_u qaëddp„ afu A¡L$ hMs `fv$ `f Aphu füp„ R>¡. gp„bp¡ kde qaëdp¡\u v|$f füp `R>u lh¡ s¡dZ¡ afu qaëdp¡dp„ Arc_e L$fhp_y„ _½$u L$ey¯ R>¡.

A¡V$gy„ L$l¡hy„ `X$i¡ L¡$, `p¡sp_u tS>v$Nu `p¡sp_u fus¡ Æhhp_p¡ v$php¡ l¡dp dprg_u sp¡ L$fu S> iL¡$ R>¡.

l¡dp dprg_u_u kudprQl¹_ê$` qaëdp¡
hj®	qaëd	Arc_¡sp
1970	Å¡_u d¡fp _pd	v¡$h Ap_„v$
1971	A„v$pS>	içdu L$`|f, fpS>¡i MÞ_p
1971	gpg `Ð\f	fpS> Ly$dpf
1972	kusp Ap¥f Nusp	^d£ÞÖ, k„Æh Ly$dpf
1973	Sy>Á_y	^d£ÞÖ
1974	â¡d _Nf	fpS>¡i MÞ_p
1975	Myíb|	rS>s¡ÞÖ
1975	ip¡g¡	^d£ÞÖ
1976	v$k _„bfu	d_p¡S> Ly$dpf
1981	¾$p„rs	d_p¡S> Ly$dpf
1986	A¡L$ QØf d¥gu ku	qfiu L$`|f

Ap `Z hp„Qp¡
qv$gu` ^p¡mqL$ep : k|f_p¡ AauZu, õhf_p¡ b„^pZu

qX$TpB_ : Dv$e Ly$qL$e_