[hb{ hr Q>{ñQ> _{§ eVH$ AbsJT ndídÚmb` Am¡a bmhm¡a _| M_H$Z{ H${ ]mX A_aZmW Z{ SJbg OmnS©Z H$s B§½b¡ÊS Qs_ H${ ndêX²Y I{bV{ hwE A[Z{ [hb{ hs Q{ñQ _| eVH$ Rm{§H$ nX`m& [hb{ hs Q{ñQ _| eVH$ ]ZmZ{ dmb{ d{ [hb{ ^maVs` nIbmSs W{&

nddmXmñ[X ^r 1936 _| _hmamO H$w_ma ndO`mZJa_ H$s H$ámZs _{ Om{ ^maVs` Qs_ B§½b¢ÊS JB© CgH${ A_aZmW EH$ gXñ` W{& V] CZH$m I{b [ya{ nZIma [a Wm& [a H$ámZ H${ gmW CZH${ Vsìm« _V^{X hwE Am¡a AZwemgZ ^§J H${ Amam{[ [a CÝh| dm[g ^maV ^{O nX`m J`m&

Ý`m`_ynV© ]m{_§Q Z{ Amam{[ H$m{ nZamYma H$ama nX`m- [a es¿m« hs Xygam _hm`wX²Y ewê hm{ J`m Am¡a A_aZmW H$m{ Q¡ñQ _¡M I{bZ{ H$m _m¡H$m Xg gmb ]mX hs n_b gH$m&

1946 g{ Zdm] [Qm¡Xs (gsnZ`a) H$s H$ámZs _| Om{ ^maVs` Qs_ B§Jb¡US JB©- Cg_| bmbm A_aZmW ^s W{& AmH$f©H$ ]ëb{]mOs Am¡a _Ü`_ JnV H$s V{O J|X]mOs H${ nbE CÝhm{§Z{ Zm_ H$_m`m- [a CZH$s ]ëb{]mOs _| A] [hb{ O¡gs M_H$ Zht ah JB© Ws&

Xyga{ gmb Om{ ^maVs` Qs_ AmñQ­{nb`m JB© CgH${ A_aZmW H$ámZ W{ & CÝhm{|Z{ g]g{ V{Os g{ 1000aZ [ya{ nH$`{ &

nd·Qm{na`m H${ ndêX²Y CZH${ 228 aZ AmO ^s dhm§ bm{Jm{§ H$m{ `mX AmV{ h¢&

Hw$eb H$ámZ H$ámZs H${ H$webVm H${ nbE SmZ ]«¡S_¡Z Z{ CZH$m A[Zr [wñVH$ _| Cëb{I nH$`m h¡& d{ñQ B§SsO H${ ndêX²Y ^maV _| hwB© Q{ñQ e¥§Ibm _{ §d{ H$ámZ W{ & 1952--53 _| CZH$s H$ámZs _| ^maV Z{ [mnH$ñVmZ H${ ndêX²Y Q{ñQ e¥§Ibm OsVs&

àW_ l{Ur a{H$mS>© bmbm A_aZmW _| àW_ l{Us H${ nH«$H${Q _¡Mm{§ _| 8717 aZ ]Zm`{ nOg_§{ H${db 878 Q{ñQ _¡Mm{§ _| ]Zm`{ W{ & CÝhm{§Z{ Hw$b 23 eVH$ ]Zm`{ nOZ_| EH$ Q{ñQ eVH$ Am¡a 6 aUOs Q­m\$s _| ]Zm`{ & CÝhm{§Z{ 396 ndH${Q nb`{ nOgH${ 45 Q{ñQ _¡Mm{§ _| W{ d{ b§H$mem`a bsJ _| ^s I{b{ W{ & 1960 _| E_$ gs gs Z{ CÝh| _mZX AmOsdZ gXñ` ]Zm`m &

o[Vm H{$ O¡g{ ]{Q>{ n[Vm H$s Vah CZH${ [wÌ gwnaÝXa A_aZmW Z{ ^s A[Z{ [hb{ Q{ñQ _| eVH$ ]Zm`m & g§gma _| `h H$aV] nXImZ{ dmbs n[Vm [wÌ H$s EH$ _mÌ Om{Ss h¡ & bmbm A_aZmW Z{ nH«$H${Q OsdZ ndH{$QH$s[a H${ ê[ _| ewê nH$`m & EH$ Q{ñQ _¡M _| CÝhm{§Z{ Mmam{§ H$m_ ]ëb{]mOs - J|X]mOs - \$snëS§J Am¡a ndH${Q H$sn[§J H$s & d{ gM_wM ha\$Z_m¡bm W{ &

A_aZmW H${ [wÌ _m{nhÝXa A_aZmW ^maVs` Qs_ H${ EH$ AmYma ñVå^ ah{ h¢ $& oH«$H${Q g{ nZd¥ËV hm{Z{ H${ ]mX A_aZmW M`Z gn_nV H${ gXñ` Am¡a AÜ`j ]Z{ & AmñQ­{nb`m H${ ndêÜX ^maV H$s [hbs Q{ñQ ndO` H$m ]hwV H$wN l{` CZH$m{ nX`m OmVm h¡ ·`m|nH$ AmñQ­{nb`m H${ nIbmnS`m{§ H$s H$_Om{as ^m§[ H$a CZh{m§Z{ Am\$ nñ[Za Ogy [Q{b H$m{ H$mZ[wa Q{ñQ H$s Qs_ _| emn_b H$adm`m Wm & Ogy Z{ AmñQ­{nb`m H$s Qs_ H$m{ CImS \$|H$m Wm &

A_aZmW a{nS`m{ Am¡a Qs ds [a VWm g_mMma [Ìm{§ H${ nb`{ nH«$H${Q H$s g_sjm H$aV{ W{ & X{e H${ ]§Qdma{ H${ ]mX ^s bmhm¡a H${ bm{J A_aZmW H$m{ ]{hX ß`ma H$aV{ W{ & bmbm O] H$^s bmhm¡a OmV{ W{ CZH$m dhm§ ]Ss J_©Om{es g{ ñdmJV hm{Vm Wm &

dmVm©

Bg na[m{Q>© H{$ ]ma{ _| Am[H$s am` ·`m h¡?