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k„S>e hp¡fp
rdÓ_¡ dp¡L$gp¡

ipfuqfL$ sL$gua lp¡e sp¡ OJ_p Ähpfp AS>dphp¡

Ly$v$fsu D`Qpf_p QplL$p¡ OJ_p Ähpfp_p„ NyZNp_ Npsp„ \pL$sp _\u. _p¡b¡g `yfõL$pf rhS>¡sp Aplpfip÷u X$p¡. qaif L$l¡ R>¡ L¡$ A¡L$ N°pd OJ_p Ähpfpdp„ S>¡V$gp„ rhV$pqdÞk dm¡ R>¡ s¡ f` N°pd gugp„ ipL$cpÆdp„\u `Z dmsp„ _\u. rhop_uAp¡ OD_p Ähpfp_p fk_¡ gugy„ gp¡lu L$l¡ R>¡. A¡r_rdep, Aëkf, `pep¡qfep, Qd®fp¡N hN¡f¡ fp¡Np¡\u N°õs Apif¡ 1f00 v$v$}Ap¡_u kpfhpf X$p¡. qaif¡ OJ_p Ähpfp\u L$fu A_¡ QdÐL$pqfL$ `qfZpdp¡ Å¡hp dþep„ lsp„. s¡d_p k„ip¡^_ dyS>b OJ_p Ähpfpdp„ AÐepf ky^u 100 L$fsp„ h^y Æh_fnL$ sÒhp¡ dmu Apìep„ R>¡. Ap„sfX$p„dp„ Åd¡gp¡ L$Qfp¡ v|$f L$fu gp¡lu_y„ iyÙuL$fZ L$fhpdp„ OD„_p Ähpfp AL$kuf R>¡. dy„bCdp„ _¡Qfp¡`¡\u_p A_¡L$ QplL$p¡ lh¡ v$ffp¡S> khpf¡ OD„_p Ähpfp_p¡ spÅ¡ fk `usp \ep R>¡, S>¡_p L$pfZ¡ Ap fk_y„„ ApS>¡ dp¡Vy„$ bÅf Ecy„ \ey„ R>¡. ÅZu_¡ _hpC gpNi¡, `Z Opk S>¡hu v¡$Mpsu Ap Ap¥j^u AÐepf¡ dy„bC_u bÅfdp„ `00\u 1,000 —êr`e¡ qL$gp¡_p cph¡ h¡Qpe R>¡. A_¡L$ h¡`pfuAp¡ A_¡ rQqL$ÐkL$p¡ Ap ÄhpfpAp¡ h¡Qu_¡ b¡`p„v$X¡$ \ep R>¡. dy„bC S>¡hp il¡fdp„ Äep„ gpMp¡ dpZkp¡ fl¡W$pZ_p Acph¡ awV$`p\ D`f fl¡sp lp¡e Ðep„ OJ_p Ähpfp DNpX$hp_u S>Áep sp¡ ¼ep„\u dm¡? Ap L$pfZ¡ s¥epf Ähpfp_u R>¡L$ `yZ¡ A_¡ hX$p¡v$fp\u Apeps L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. dy„bC_p bp¡fuhgu _pd_p `fpdp„ Å¡L¡$ X$p¡. rh_p¡v$ qÓh¡v$u A¡L$ àgp¡V$ D`f Ähpfp DNpX¡$ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_y„ h¡QpZ `Z L$f¡ R>¡. rh_p¡v$ qÓh¡v$u _¡Qfp¡`\u_p X$p¡¼V$f R>¡. kp„sp¾y Tdp„ fl¡sp _¡Qfp¡`¡\ X$p¡. Dv$e Qp¡V$pC `yZ¡ _ÆL$ Aph¡gp AL$g|S> Npd_p A¡L$ M¡sfdp„ OJ_p Ähpfp s¥epf L$fphX$ph¡ R>¡ A_¡ A¡k.V$u._u bk Ùpfp s¡_¡ dy„bC gphhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. fpÓ¡ ApW$ hpÁe¡ AL$g|S>_p apd®dp„\u gZhpdp„ Aph¡gp OJ_p Ähpfp khpf¡ `p„Q hpÁe¡ X$p¡. Qp¡V$pC_p Of¡ `lp¢Qu Åe R>¡. Al] Ap Ähpfp_p„ 40-40 N°pd_p„ `¡L¡$V$p¡ s¥epf L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ QQ®N¡V$, L$a `f¡X$, dfu_ X$²pBh, _¡r`e_ ku fp¡X$, hp„v$fp, Mpf A_¡ A„^¡fu ky^u s¡_u lp¡d qX$qghfu L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. s¡Ap¡ 40 N°pd Ähpfp_p f0 êr`ep g¡ R>¡, S>¡dp„ qX$qghfu QpS>®_p¡ `Z kdph¡i \C Åe R>¡. OJ_p Ähpfp_p rhsfZdp„\u X$p¡. Qp¡V$pC Apif¡ 1` eyhp_p¡_¡ fp¡Æ A`ph¡ R>¡. s¡d_p N°plL$p¡dp„ dp¡V$p DÛp¡N`rsAp¡_p¡ `Z kdph¡i \pe R>¡. L$p„qv$hgudp„ fl¡sp lkdyMcpC ipl R>¡L$ hX$p¡v$fp\u V$²¡_ dpfas¡ OJ_p Ähpfp dNphu s¡_y„ rhsfZ L$f¡ R>¡. s¡dZ¡ dygy„X$dp„ `Z A¡L$ rhsfL$ fp¿ep¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡Ap¡ qv$_ârsqv$_ `p¡sp_y„ _¡V$hL®$ rhõspfu füp R>¡. s¡Ap¡ A¡L$ lÅf êr`e¡ qL$gp¡_p cph¡ Ähpfp h¡Q¡ R>¡. OJ_p Ähpfp_p¡ Ap cph sd_¡ `fhX$sp¡ _ lp¡e A\hp Ap cph¡ `Z Ähpfp sd_¡ O¡fbW$p„ _ dmsp lp¡e sp¡ sd¡ s¡ \p¡X$u S>Áepdp„ Of¡ `Z DNpX$u iL$p¡ R>p¡. Ap dpV¡$ sdpfu `pk¡ A¡L$ X$T_ Qp¡fk V$¡² A_¡ s¡ fpMhp dpV¡$_y„ õV¡$ÞX$ lp¡hy„ Å¡CA¡. v$f¡L$ V¡$²dp„ dpV$u A_¡ Mpsf cfu v$p¡. â\d V¡$²dp„ `l¡gp qv$hk¡ kpfu Ås_p OJ hphp¡ A_¡ \p¡Xy„$ `pZu Ap`p¡. Ap V$¡²dp„ s¡fdp qv$hk¡ ÄhpfpAp¡ s¥epf \C S>i¡. Ap fus¡ Q¾ Qpëep L$fi¡.

kpQu kdpS>k¡hp Ap_¡ L$l¡hpe

NyS>fpsuAp¡ ^pf¡ sp¡ iy„ L$fu iL¡$, A¡d `|R>hp_¡ bv$g¡ s¡Ap¡ iy„ _ L$fu iL¡$ A¡hy„ `|R>hy„ Å¡CA¡. NyS>fps\u Apif¡ A¡L$ lÅf qL$gp¡duV$f v|$f dÝe âv¡$idp„ NpY S>„Ngp¡_u hÃQ¡ NyS>fpsu sbubp¡ A_¡ NyS>fpsu v$p_hufp¡_p kdÞhe\u ×rô$v$p__p¡ A¡L$ cìe eo R>¡ëgp„ `0 hj®\u Qpgu füp¡ R>¡. Ap hj£ riepmpdp„ rQÓL|$V$_p Apîd Mps¡ ep¡Åe¡gp _¡¡Óeodp„ Apif¡ f` lÅf _¡Ólu_p¡_¡ _hu ×rô dmu lsu. ApS> ky^udp„ Ap _¡Óeop¡ Üpfp Apif¡ `p„Q gpM gp¡L$p¡_p„ A„^pfp„ v|$f \ep„ R>¡. Mpk L$fu_¡ gp¡lpZp oprs_p kæep¡_¡ ìek_p¡ A_¡ Ly$qfhpÅ¡\u dy¼s L$fu kv$pQpf_p `„\¡ hpm_pfp õh. fZR>p¡X$v$pkÆ dlpfpS>¡ C.k. 1950_u kpgdp„ rQÓL|$V$ Mps¡ dp¡rsep_p Ap¡`f¡i__p¡ `l¡gp¡ L¡$ç` L$ep£ lsp¡, S>¡dp„ 9`0 Ap¡`f¡i_ L$fhpdp„ Apìep„ lsp„. ApS>\u `0 hj® ANpD sp¡ rQÓL|$V$dp„ huS>mu A_¡ V$²pÞk`p¡V®$_u kNhX$ `Z _lp¡su. cNhp_ fpd¡ s¡d_p h_hpk_p„ 14 hj® `¥L$u 1f hj® S>¡ c|rd D`f `kpf L$ep¯ lp¡hp_y„ d_pe R>¡, Äep„ d„v$pqL$_u _v$u_p s]f¡ b¡ku_¡ sygku dlpfpS>¡ fpdQqfs dp_k_u fQ_p L$fu lsu A¡ `rhÓ c|rd D`f kv¹$Nyfy k¡hp k„O _pd_u k„õ\p_p _¡Å l¡W$m ApS> ky^udp„ 6f _¡Óeop¡ \C Q|¼ep R>¡, S>¡dp„ Nfub v$v$}Ap¡_p„ rh_pd|ëe Ap¡`f¡i_ L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡d_¡ Qídp„ s¡d S> v$hpAp¡ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R¡ . AbÅ¡ —êr`ep_p Ap¥Ûp¡rNL$ kpd°pÄe_p L$sp®lsp® Afthv$ dasgpg v$f hj£ rQÓL|$V$dp„ ep¡Åsp _¡Óeodp„ k¡hp Ap`hp `lp¡„Qu Åe R>¡. dp¡rsep_p S>¡ v$v$}_y„ `l¡gy„ Ap¡`f¡i_ \pe R>¡, s¡_y„ õV$²¡Qf Afthv$ dasgpg Ås¡ D`pX¡ R>¡ A_¡ s¡_¡ `p¡sp_p lp\¡ ^p¡su A\hp kpX$u_y„ rhsfZ L$f¡ R>¡. dp¡rsep_p Ap¡`f¡i_ dpV¡$ Aphsp v$v$}Ap¡ dÝe âv¡i D`fp„s DÑf âv¡$i, rblpf, `„Åb A_¡ `ròd b„Npm S>¡hp v|$f_p âv¡$ip¡dp„\u Aph¡ R>¡. Ap¡`f¡i_ dpV¡$ v$v$}Ap¡A¡ Al] Apif¡ A¡L$ AW$hpqX$ey„ fl¡hy„ `X¡$ R>¡. Ap kdeNpmpdp„ s¡d_p fl¡hp D`fp„s cp¡S>__u kNhX$ `Z kv¹$Nyfy k¡hp k„O sfa\u S> L$fhpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap¡`f¡i_ `R>u s¡Ap¡ das Qídp„ gC_¡ Of¡ Åe Ðepf¡ s¡d_¡ ^p¡su L¡$ kpX$u c¡V$ Ap`hpdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. rQÓL|$V$dp„ kv¹$Nyfy k¡hp k„O sfa\u f00 rbR>p_p_u A¡L$ lp¡[õ`V$g `Z b_phhpdp„ Aphu R>¡. Ap lp¡[õ`V$gdp„ bpf¡e drl_p v$v$u®Ap¡_¡ das kpfhpf Ap`hdp„ Aph¡ R>¡. Ap lp¡[õ`V$g_y„ k„Qpg_ R>¡ëgp„ f` hj®\u X$p¡. bu. L¡$. S>¥_ L$fu füp R>¡, S>¡Ap¡ d|m L$ÃR>_p fl¡hpku R>¡. rQÓL|$V$dp„ ep¡Åsp ApB L¡$ç` dpV¡$ k¡hp Ap`hp dy„bC_p Apif¡ 1`0 NyS>fpsu õhe„k¡hL$p¡ L$pd^„^p R>p¡X$u_¡ rQÓL$|V$ `lp¡„Qu Åe R>¡. s¡Ap¡ `„v$f qv$hk L¡$ drl_p ky^u L$X$L$X$su W„$X$u h¡W$u s„byAp¡dp„ fl¡ R>¡ A_¡ v$v$}Ap¡_u k¡hp L$f¡ R>¡. dy„bC_p fpdcpC Np¡L$pZu kv¹$Nyfy k¡hp k„O_p d¡_¡tS>N V$²õV$u R>¡. s¡d_p A_¡ Afthv$ dasgpg_p âepkp¡\u k„õ\p_¡ hj£ Apif¡ ÓZ L$fp¡X$ —êr`ep_y v$p_ dm¡ R>¡, S>¡ Nfub v$v$}Ap¡_u s„vy$fõsu ky^pfhp `pR>m h`fpe R>¡.

a¼s ê$r`ep R> gpMdp„ NyS>fpsu gpBb°¡fu_p dprgL$ b_p¡

_hcpfs kprlÐe d„qv$f_p ^_ÆcpC `pk¡ NyS>fpsu kprlÐe âL$pi__p Brslpk_p¡ MÅ_p¡ R>¡. R>¡ëgp„ Apif¡ `0 hj®\u s¡Ap¡ âL$pi_ ìehkpe kp\¡ k„L$mpe¡gp R>¡. ldZp„ Ad¡ qâÞk¡k õV$²uV$ Mps¡ Aph¡gu s¡d_u v$yL$p__u dygpL$ps gu^u Ðepf¡ ^_ÆcpCA¡ A¡L$ fkâv$ hps L$fu L¡$ ApS>¡ L$p¡C ìeqL$s Å¡ `|fp bS>¡V$ kp\¡ bÅfdp„ âpàe sdpd NyS>fpsu `yõsL$p¡ Mfuv$hp A_¡ gpBb°¡fu Ecu L$fhp BÃR>¡ sp¡ Apif¡ R> gpM êr`ep_u qL„$ds_p„ `yõsL$p¡ bÅfdp„ dmu iL¡$ R>¡. A¡L$ `yõsL$_u kf¡fpi qL„$ds 60 êr`ep NZuA¡ sp¡ bÅfdp„ Apif¡ v$k lÅf NyS>fpsu `yõsL$p¡ D`gå^$ R>¡. ^_ÆcpC ApS>_u `qf[õ\rs_u kfMpdZu 4` hj® ANpD_p `p¡sp_p A_ych kp\¡ L$f¡ R>¡. C.k. 19``_u kpgdp„ ^_ÆcpC fpS>`u`mp Mps¡ A¡L$ k„õ\pdp„ _p¡L$fu L$fsp lsp. Ap k„õ\p `p¡sp_u _hu gpBb°¡fu Ecu L$fhp A_¡ s¡dp„ sdpd NyS>fpsu `yõsL$p¡ hkphhp Qplsu lsu. bÅfdp„ âpàe sdpd `yõsL$p¡ s¡dZ¡ MfuÛp„ Ðepf¡ Ly$g qL„$ds kpX$p ApW$ lÅf ê$r`ep \C lsu A_¡ A¡L$pv$ lÅf `yõsL$p¡ s¡d_p„ lp\dp„ Apìep„ lsp„. `0 hj®dp„ QuS>hõsyAp¡_p cph S>¡ NrsA¡ hÝep R>¡ s¡ âdpZdp„ `yõsL$p¡_u qL„$dsdp„ `Z h^pfp¡ \ep¡ R>¡. `Z gp¡L$p¡ `yõsL$p¡ dp¢Op„ b_u Nep„ R>¡ A¡ lL$uL$s `Qphu iL$sp _\u, A¡hy„ ^_ÆcpC dp_¡ R>¡.

NyS>fpsu _ ÅZsp„ NyS>fpsu bpmL$p¡ dpV¡$...

L$p¡Þh¡ÞV$dp„ cZsp„ L¡$ v$qfep`pf fl¡sp„ NyS>fpsu bpmL$p¡ ApS>¡ _p_u D„df¡ L$p¡çàeyV$f iuMu Åe R>¡, `Z dps©cpjp_u ÅZL$pfu bpbsdp„ sØ_ `R>ps lp¡e R>¡. Aphp„ bpmL$p¡ `p¡sp_p„ v$pv$udp kp\¡ hps L$fsp„ cpf¡ d|„ThZ A_ych¡ R>¡. s¡d_¡ NyS>fpsu gMsp„ _\u AphX$sy„ A_¡ v$pv$udp_¡ A„N°¡Æ hp„Qsp„ _\u AphX$sy„ A¡V$g¡ `Ó L$C cpjpdp„ gMhp¡ s¡ dp¡V$p¡ L$p¡eX$p¡ b_u fl¡ R>¡. Ap âL$pf_u d|„ThZ A_ychsp„ bpmL$p¡ dpV¡$ A\hp s¡d_p„ dçdu-`à`p dpV¡$ lh¡ kuX$u fp¡d `f NyS>fpsu Nyfy _pd_p¡ âp¡N°pd s¥epf R>¡. gp¡L$p¡ A„N°Æ cpjp L¡$ rhop_ iuMhp dpV¡$ kuX$u fp¡d_p¡ D`ep¡N L$f¡ R>¡ s¡d Ap`Zu dps©cpjp_y„ h^y kpfy„ op_ d¡mhhp dpV¡$ `Z L$p¡çàeyV$f V¡$L$_p¡gp¡Æ_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu iL$pe R>¡. _hu qv$ëlu_u A¡L$ L„$`_uA¡ rhL$kph¡g NyS>fpsu Nyfy _pd_p Ap âp¡N°pd_u qL„$ds 1990 êr`ep R>¡, S>¡dp„ kuX$u kp\¡ A¡L$ `yõsL$ `Z Aph¡ R>¡. Ap kuX$udp„ NyS>fpsu cpjp L$C fus¡ bp¡ghu s¡_u h¥opr_L$ Yb¡ spgud Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡. s¡ D`fp„s NyS>fpsu êqYâep¡Np¡, L$l¡hsp¡, hpsp®Ap¡ A_¡ Nusp¡_u `Z kdS>Z Ap`hpdp„ Aphu R>¡. NyS>fpsu Nyfy kuX$u NyS>fps_u dygpL$ps¡ Aphsp rhv¡$iu âhpkuAp¡ dpV¡$ `Z D`ep¡Nu \C `X¡$ s¡hu R>¡. s¡dp„ NyS>fpsu hp_NuAp¡, Mprkesp¡ A_¡ Æh_`Ùrs rhi¡ `Z dprlsu R>¡. NyS>fps_p„ Å¡hpgpeL$ õ\mp¡ A_¡ su\®õ\p_p¡_p„ [¼gt`Ák `Z s¡dp„ dmu iL$i¡. L$p¡çàeyV$f `f NyS>fpsu cpjp_p¡ D`ep¡N L$fu iL$pe s¡ dpV¡$ NyS>fpsu ap¡ÞV$_p¡ `Z s¡dp„ kdph¡i L$fhpdp„ Apìep¡ R>¡. L$p¡Þh¡ÞV$dp„ cZsp„ NyS>fpsu bpmL$p¡ NyS>fpsu k„õL©$rsdp„ fk g¡sp„ \pe s¡ dpV¡$ Ap NyS>fpsu Nyfy_¡ Nyfy`v¡$ õ\p`hpdp„ L$p„C Mp¡Vy„$ _l].

ANpD_p g¡Mp¡
L$pm k`® ep¡N A¡V$g¡ iy„?
L$ÃR>u rhkp Ap¡khpm oprs_p¡ cìe õhe„hf
Ap¡_gpB_ oprsAp¡_p„ hkrs`ÓL$
f¡L$udp„ Qpgsp„ flõede f¡L¡$V¹$k
Æhv$ep_p L$pe®L$f_p„ Ly$Vy„$buS>_p¡_¡ klpe
L$p¡V®$_u blpf `Z R|>V$pR>¡X$p dm¡
Ar_hpe® Ar_óV$ S>¡hu oprsâ\p
"L$¡$d R>p¡?'

Ap g¡M Ap`_¡ L¡$hp¡ gpÁep¡?


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