The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is considering options to make cheaper finance available to the non-banking finance companies (NBFCs), including a separate line of credit for bank finance backed by government securities or AAA-rated commercial paper (CP).
Sources close to the development said the central bank is also reviewing the various restrictions on placing bank funds with NBFCs and may relax prudential ceilings.
NBFC representatives met central bank officials over the last few days to seek easier bank finance since commercial paper worth Rs 20,000 crore to Rs 25,000 crore is coming up for maturity.
"The funds are particularly needed for retail finance because this sector has lately been under strain," said the head of an NBFC, who was present at the meeting.
CPs are short-term instruments through which companies raise funds from banks. It is usually rolled over on every maturity date to sustain the flow of short-term credit to companies.
RBI's internal estimates, however, show that of the total outstanding amount, CPs amounting to Rs 2,000 crore to Rs 4,000 crore will immediately need to be rolled over. As a result, RBI is still debating whether a special refinance window is required.
Sources said the fund requirement is acute for three or four large NBFCs that have grown rapidly in recent times and accumulated large exposures in the stock market, real estate, commodities and retail financing.
The only reason such entities need assistance is that they pose a systemic risk.
"The problem is acute not because there is a dearth of liquidity but because banks are unwilling to lend to NBFCs. They feel that these institutions lend to the real estate sector and for stock market transactions, both of which are facing a downturn. Therefore, the loans may turn bad at a time when liquidity is an issue," a source said.
At present, a bank's exposure to a single NBFC is currently capped at 10 per cent of banks' capital funds and 15 per cent for an NBFC engaged in asset financing companies. Further, banks are not allowed to grant bridge loans against capital and debenture issues, to avoid asset-liability mismatches.
Shares and debentures are not accepted as collateral for secured loans granted to NBFCs. Banks also do not execute guarantees covering inter-company deposits or loans since it is then interpreted as the banks insuring deposits or loans accepted by NBFCs.
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